In medieval and Renaissance literature women were idealized according to a strict model of female virtue based on a culture of honor and chastity that was reflected in art as well as in law and daily life. The question that then arises is: how were these idealized women perceived by real women of that time? Did they view them as attainable models or did they strive to accomplish a balance between real and ideal? The aim of this session will be to examine local and/or regional examples of both idealized and real women and to compare, where possible, the theory and practice.